منابع مشابه
Reward creates oculomotor salience
Wouldn’t that be a good way of studying evolution in action over a few generations? One would think so. In particular, it is possible to measure all three components of the breeder’s equation, and see directly whether R = h2S. But, quite often, it appears that R does not equal h2S. For example, a study on antler size in red deer showed that red deer with larger antlers had more offspring than r...
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Reward-related mesolimbic dopamine steers animal behavior, creating automatic approach toward reward-associated objects and avoidance of objects unlikely to be beneficial. Theories of dopamine suggest that this reflects underlying biases in perception and attention, with reward enhancing the representation of reward-associated stimuli such that attention is more likely to be deployed to the loc...
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Among many objects around us, some are more salient than others (i.e., attract our attention automatically). Some objects may be inherently salient (e.g., brighter), while others may become salient by virtue of their ecological relevance through experience. However, the role of ecological experience in automatic attention has not been studied systematically. To address this question, we let sub...
متن کاملReward uncertainty enhances incentive salience attribution as sign-tracking.
Conditioned stimuli (CSs) come to act as motivational magnets following repeated association with unconditioned stimuli (UCSs) such as sucrose rewards. By traditional views, the more reliably predictive a Pavlovian CS-UCS association, the more the CS becomes attractive. However, in some cases, less predictability might equal more motivation. Here we examined the effect of introducing uncertaint...
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Theories of schizophrenia propose that abnormal functioning of the neural reward system is linked to negative and psychotic symptoms, by disruption of reward processing and promotion of context-independent false associations. Recently, it has been argued that an insula-anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) salience network system enables switching of brain states from the default mode to a task-relat...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: JAMA Psychiatry
سال: 2016
ISSN: 2168-622X
DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.1134